安装uwsgi 报各种 致命错误

1. 缺少c编译器

File "uwsgiconfig.py", line 742, in __init__
    raise Exception("you need a C compiler to build uWSGI")
Exception: you need a C compiler to build uWSGI

首次安装软件，需要先更新源。

apk update
apk add gcc

2. 执行pip3 install uWSGI

In file included from core/socket.c:1:0:
./uwsgi.h:165:19: fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
In file included from core/logging.c:2:0:
./uwsgi.h:165:19: fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
In file included from core/utils.c:1:0:
./uwsgi.h:165:19: fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
In file included from core/protocol.c:1:0:
./uwsgi.h:165:19: fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.

缺乏C语言的标准库

apk add libc-dev

3. 继续安装 pip3 install uwsgi

In file included from core/logging.c:2:0:
    ./uwsgi.h:238:26: fatal error: linux/limits.h: No such file or directory
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from core/utils.c:1:0:
    ./uwsgi.h:238:26: fatal error: linux/limits.h: No such file or directory
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from core/protocol.c:1:0:
    ./uwsgi.h:238:26: fatal error: linux/limits.h: No such file or directory
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from core/socket.c:1:0:
    ./uwsgi.h:238:26: fatal error: linux/limits.h: No such file or directory
    compilation terminated.

缺乏Linux相关的头文件

apk add linux-headers

4. 由于uWSGI功能众多，所以，使用的参数不同，需要的功能也会有差异。 在使用--static-map等参数时，可能会有额外的编译依赖，否则会有运行时报错。

!!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!!

PCRE（Perl Compatible Regular Expressions）是一个Perl库，包括 perl 兼容的正则表达式库。 编译依赖为pcre-dev，运行依赖为pcre。

5. 运行时，某些功能需要访问/etc/mime.types文件。

!!! no /etc/mime.types file found !!!

MIME（Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions）多用途互联网邮件扩展类型。 是设定某种扩展名的文件用一种应用程序来打开的方式类型，当该扩展名文件被访问的时候，浏览器会自动使用指定应用程序来打开。

这个东西对应的Alpine库是mailcap。

最终通过以下命令安装成功

RUN apk update && apk add \
        libuuid \
        pcre \
        mailcap \
        gcc \
        libc-dev \
        linux-headers \
        pcre-dev \
    && pip install --no-cache-dir uWSGI>=2.0.15 \
    && apk del \
        gcc \
        libc-dev \
        linux-headers \
    && rm -rf /tmp/*

虽然成功了，但是由于有部分Python库，无法在Alpine上使用，比如opencv-python。 原因是，Alpine的libc不是GNU的，而是musl libc。 详见：Cannot install opencv-contrib-python from Alpine Linux · Issue #75 · skvark/opencv-python。

I completely forgot that Alpine Linux is based on musl libc and not on GNU libc and thus it's not a GNU/Linux distribution. Manylinux supports only GNU/Linux.

所以放弃使用alpine